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城投公司融资的信托和定融产品风险大吗
城投公司、定融产品 时间:2020-07-07

近几年以来的贵州发生的违约事件对城投公司信用产生普遍性的负面影响,但是投资者们不必对个别城投公司或“类城投”所发生的信用风险事件过度恐慌,同时,进元财富也建议投资者在进行城投债甄选时进行更多深入、详细的调研工作。具体来看,需要从以下几个方面着手:

一是详细了解在建项目储备情况,准确判断其业务持续性,对于存量项目尚需投资额很少又没有明确新增拟建项目的情形要特别警惕;

二是,详细了解其近期实施项目的属性和对区域内经济、民生的重要性程度,比如A城投公司所实施的项目多为棚户区改造项目,B公司所实施的项目多为文化广场,那么相比之下A城投公司的偿债保障会更充分;

三是,详细了解其业务结构。若经营性业务占比近期出现大幅提高,需搞清楚具体原因,辨别是由传统公益性业务被动收缩引起还是由地方政府对其进行了经营性资产的注入引起。前者需引起警惕,后者则无需紧张,但要进一步了解该部分经营性资产的收益能力以及对收入、利润的贡献度等;

四是详细了解土地整理开发、基础设施建设等其传统公益性业务的业务模式。尽管目前多数城投公司并未因监管收紧而改变原有的业务模式(主要为BT),但一定要密切关注项目结算方式是否存在违反现行法律法规的情形和权责范围不清的情形,比如项目现金流涉及可行性缺口补助、政府付费、财政补贴等财政资金安排的,是否具备纳入预算管理的相关文件;

五是详细了解其融资行为的合规性。虽然23号文”对金融机构提供地方建设融资的一系列行为进行了全面规范,但实际上城投公司的违法违规融资担保行为并未真正断绝,因此要对城投公司的各笔借款尤其是大额土地资产抵押借款、应收账款质押借款等进行核实,判断其用于抵押的土地资产是否为储备土地使用权等不合规资产、用于质押的应收账款协议是否为地方政府虚构或超越权限、财力签订;

六是详细了解其有息负债的变化趋势、增减原因、利息成本。对于有息负债大幅下降的情形,要关注其当年到期债务的偿付资金来源、当年新增债务的平均利息水平、偿债后的业务持续性是否明显变差等;对于有息负债大幅增长的情形,要关注其当年新增债务的平均利息水平、有息负债到期分布情况、业务持续性等。换言之,对城投公司债务负担的判断要与其“造血”能力、融资能力相结合;

七是详细、全面地了解城投公司获得的政府支持。对于显性支持,在所有者权益、实收资本、资本公积、营业外收入、其他收益、专项应付款等科目中均会体现,仔细梳理、分析即可;对于隐性支持,要对城投公司所属地方政府的经济财政实力、债务负担情况、所掌握的资源情况等进行摸底,并结合平台地位作出合理推断。

八是详细了解城投公司的转型进程、转型方向。转型不是一朝一夕就能完成,而是一个过程,同时转型方向也会因城投公司自身的业务经验、资质以及地方政府的支持情况而有所不同,比如有的城投公司会继续深耕土地开发、工程建设等领域,只是业务模式上更加规范;有的城投公司会尝试进行更多经营性业务,比如房屋租赁、物业管理、园区运营等;有的城投公司甚至往产业投资、多元金融等方向发展。这种情况下,投资者要关注其转型深度。若传统城市建设相关业务仍占主导地位,则需关注其新增经营性业务板块与传统业务的关联性、协同性以及对收入、利润的预期贡献度等;但若传统城市建设相关的业务从核心变为边缘,则不宜再将其视为城投公司,应以更合理的方法来考察其信用水平。

以上主要是由进元财富风控团队整理而来的关于城投公司产品如何进行选择,从几个关键点进行分析,如果需要了解更多关于此类知识,可以到进元财富官网查看


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