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政信定融平台债,安全指数有多高
时间:2020-08-27

地方政府债务资金来源的渠道有很多,但目前地方政府债务资金的主要来源还是银行为主,比例占到56%以上,其次是信托、融资租赁、定融政信、甚至小贷等。像银行贷款,它的资金成本据统计实际是7个点左右,信托、融资租赁、城投债的成本相应更高一些,一般在10%左右,期限一般以一两年期的为主,银行贷款期限长一点的,有五年甚至七年期的。

但是像在银行里面就能买到的地方政府债券(比如北京债)的融资成本是非常低,一般也就3.5%,但这类债务的占比却非常少,总量估计也就在地方债比例的3.7%左右,而且期限还长,动不动就是五年期的。

怎么说那,都是地方债,都是地方政府借的钱,早还,晚还,早晚都要还,你也不可能像P2P一样的跑路啊!既然要还,就涉及到每年都需要还利息和本金,以前因为堵住地方债发行的前门,所以没怎么发地方政府债券,结果很多地方实际上因为要发展经济,需要发地方债,没办法,不让我发地方债券,那我就把后门打开,很多城投公司就成为了地方政府融资的主力军。地方政府债券发行的主体是省级地方政府,也就是偿还主体;而城投债的发行主体是城投公司,偿债主体是城投公司,一般区域性城投公司的信用级别是很难跟省级地方政府相一致的,所以融资成本就产生了一定的差异。

基于以上融资成本差异的现实,43号文规定,纳入预算管理的地方政府存量债务可以发行一定规模的地方政府债券置换,所谓地方债置换,就是用中长期、低成本的地方债券去置换地方政府的短期、高息债务。

仅仅因为债务置换,债务成本可以由置换前的10%左右下降到3.5%左右,我们就拿一年置换三万亿的债务来说,一年节省的利息就可以接近2000亿,在目前土地收入减少的情况下,发行债券置换取得的资金成本远低于原来城投公司融资的成本,每年剩下来的大量利息就可以拿去做其它的重点建设,也能降低地方政府债务的风险。

也正是基于债务置换这个出发点,所以我们今年才多次看到财政部在督促地方政府债券的发行。

同样是地方债,而且发行地方债券融资的钱大概率也是流到区县市级里面拿去用了,但就因为发行主体方和偿还主体方不同,所以融资方信用不同,融资成本也不一样。曾经在改革开放最早期时,因为地方上很穷,信用很有限,根本就不允许发行地方债,后来才有了财政部代发代还的省级地方债券,此后经过试点地区的试验性发放,现在才有了省级地方债券自行组织发行,自发自还,还本付息的机会。

虽然债务置换帮助地方政府缓解偿债压力,节省利息支出,但是对地方债的第一大债主银行等金融机构来说,不仅收益率降低了,还把收益时间给拉长了,所以最初金融机构都不太愿意积极的去做这个事。

其实地方债融来的钱,最后还是都花到地方基础设施建设上了,但是融资渠道不同时,走地方债券的利息只有3.5%,而且还是长期的;走信托,银行贷款,融资租赁,定融政信的利息能有10%,几乎是同样的融资主体。真正懂行的金融机构和金主些,也更愿意去走后者,拿到更高的利息。

好的是金融市场领域,永远都存在信息不对称,对于那些一点风险甚至连违约风险都不愿意承担的投资人,这类人就更适合去银行里面买地方债券,收益率超过3%以上是稳妥妥的,运气好能有4.5%点左右。

对于不少的高净值客户,通常100-1000万以上的标准投资者,在家庭资产配置中,虽然可能在时间上会牺牲一定的资金流动性(通常2年左右,少则1年),但了解产品结构和风控担保措施后认可能够覆盖还款压力指标,就完全可以投资后者,比如定融政信类地方债,后者有很小概率的违约风险,坏账风险几乎可以忽略,因为我们地方政府不像美国地方政府一样可以允许破产,这种情况在国内是不现实的,所以地方政府借了的钱,早还,晚还,早晚都要还,跑的了和尚跑不了庙,这就是长期的信仰。

因为政信债与地方政府的信用紧密相连,而地方政府的信用又和当地的财政收入密切相关,所以均衡配置资产的投资人有必要对我国各个省份地方的财政体系大概情况需要多做了解。

进元财富官网上所售产品均为纯政信项目,分别有政信类信托和政信类定融产品,产品安全性不言而喻。虽然纯政信产品非常安全,但是进元财富也会优中选优,进行风险评估分享给广大投资者。

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