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标准化城投债信托的特点?标债信托、标债资管、标债基金怎么选-进元财富
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标准化城投债信托的特点?标债信托、标债资管、标债基金怎么选
城投债 时间:2023-04-09


       一 什么是标债信托?


       以认购债券形式发行的信托产品就是标准化信托产品。


       2020年5月21日,中国银保监会出台了《资金信托新规》降低了信托公司的融资类额度,届时,标准化信托开始走到台前,标准化信托属于投资类额度。


       杭州上城区下设有上城国投(城投公司),以前上城国投去信托公司融资,信托公司尽调后没什么问题,上会过会后签署《贷款合同》然后设计信托产品,募集资金,放款到上城国投的对公账户,这种形式的信托产品就是我们过往所做的非标类信托产品了。


       那么标准化是什么样的交易结构呢?


       比如上城国投又找到了信托公司融资,信托公司说我们今年融资类额度没有了,你们上城国投去证券交易所或者银行间市场发行一只有固定票面利率的债券,我们信托公司来认购债券的额度,就可以了,这种形式设计出来的信托产品,就是标准化信托产品了。



       二 标准化信托产品有什么特点?


       1、提高了融资门槛


       过往的非标类信托产品的融资方只要是政府平台,没有违约记录就可以去信托公司贷款,如果做成标准化,那就要满足两个要求了,1、融资方必须具备发债资格,2、有了发债资格还必须有发债额度(城投债每年的额度是有限和固定的),这样一来就等于变相的提高了地方城投的融资门槛。


       2、纳入财政预期,属于地方政府显性债务


       非标信托属于隐形债务的人,地方政府公示的债务都是显性债务,比如我国地方政府的平均债务36.73%,这里单纯指显性债务。


       3、兑付机制优先


       标准化融资额度的兑付机制优先于非标融资额度的。不管是非标还是标准化,都是一种融资形式,产品安全度高低,和融资形式关系不大,主要取决于政府的还款能力,所以大家再选择信托产品的时候,一切还是要以产品本身为主。


       三 标债信托、标债资管、标债基金如何选?


       2021年下半年以城投债为投资标的的政信类产品数量激增,产品类型主要有三种,三种类型的产品各有所长,可根据自身实际情况进行选择。


       1、标债类信托计划


       标债类信托计划又分为多标和单标,我们常见和常做的属于单标类的,就是信托产品所募集的资金用于认购某城投通过交易所或者银行间市场发行的挂牌债券,有企业债,有公司债。


       标债类信托产品的收益主要有两方面:


       (1)担保方差额补足


       (2)城投债券票面利率


       标债类信托计划的特点:


       (1)基本不存在道德风险


       (2)不存在债券质押增厚收益


       (3)不存在多标中可能发生的期限错配


       2、标债类资管计划


       标债类资管计划一般以多标为主,就是资管计划所募集的资金投资于某个区域或者全国范围内的多只城投债。


       标债类资管计划收益主要有两方面:


       (1)城投债净值波动的利差


       (2)城投债券票面利率


       标债类资管计划的特点:


       (1)起投门槛低,30万起


       (2)标的相对分散,利差收入高


       (3)正规金融机构产品,准入门槛高


       3、标债类私募基金


       标债类私募基金是基金募集的资金,投资于单个或者多个城投债,根据监管的要求,合同的备案也会存在不同。


       标债类私募基金收益主要有三部分:


       (1)票面折价


       (2)票面利率


       (3)质押式逆回购


       标债类私募基金的特点:


       (1)收益相对较高


       (2)期限相对灵活


       总结:


       无论哪种类型的城投债类产品,只要保证管理人不发生道德风险,本质上的安全度都是非常高的,信托计划、资管计划发生道德风险的成本高,所以概率低,私募基金类城投债产品要选择靠谱的、熟悉的投顾或者基金公司


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