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某直辖市标债信托,燃爆全市场!
信托 时间:2023-04-16


        自银行理财赎回风波后,城投债收益率普遍下行,一些交易员反馈,近期高收益城投债的性价比越来越低了,配置机会正在减少。而近日,一则“全市场唯一直辖市AAA标债,燃爆全市场”的高收益城投债信托计划引发市场关注。


        据信息显示,该计划是国企信托-直辖市AAA标准债政信系列,规模3亿元,期限约22个月(固定到期日2025年2月20日),每年2月20日,按年付息。税后收益为30万 7.0%、100万7.1%,300万 7.3%。


        另外,募集资金仅投资于超强AAA发行人天津渤海国有资产经营管理有限公司银行间中期票据(23津渤海MTN001)标的债券。据了解,发行人为直辖市核心国有资产管理平台,总资产1732亿元,资产负债率仅为45.41%,实现利润超80亿。23津渤海MTN001为规模8亿元的中期票据,期限3年,将于2026年2月20日到期。有业内人士推算,千亿规模AAA发债主体的中票,综合成本测算约为10%+。


        等级、利率、“真”城投,风险如何甄别


        有信托平台在推介时表示,相比非标产品近年来时有发生风险事件,城投债具备优先保兑付且可在二级市场买卖流通、自由交易等优势,尤其是主体评级高的城投债,风险较低,安全系数高。


        但也有市场人士认为,一般人很难搞清楚AAA、AA+、AA等评级和利率,哪个指标更能反应风险和偿付能力。虽然有些主体看起来是AAA级别,但根据实际利率推,其实仍具有一定的风险,依据由市场定价公允价格更能反映实际情况。


        更进一步来看,水牛基金卓亮表示:“城投的风险和安全性是要放在一个综合性、多维度的框架内分析的,单因素领出来没有意义。”从评级的角度来说,首先评级并非统一标准,在考虑区域因素后,例如AA级的柳州城投和AA级的浙江城投可以说是完全不同,但一个地区的AAA级真城投一定是在当地数一数二的。同时他也指出,主体是否为真城投的判断同样重要,带有产业性质的主体并非真城投。而从价格的角度来说,债券价格是“结果”不是“原因”,具有一定滞后性。


        高收益城投债的结构性资产荒


        卓亮同时指出,自银行理财赎回风波后,无论是城投债还是产业债收益率均呈现下行趋势,近期的城投价格涨收益率降也有资产荒的因素。一些交易员反馈,尤其是高收益城投债的性价比越来越低了,配置机会正在减少。需要注意的是,这不仅仅是利率下滑所致,从本质上来说,供给端的下降叠加高收益城投债逐步到期,使得存量高收益城投债规模出现萎缩。


        另外,据招商证券统计,3月城投债总发行规模高达8600亿,远超去年同期。在城投债发行逐步改善,叠加不断收紧融资乱象、整治融资环境,融资成本一定程度上得到了有效控制和降低。在此趋势下,高收益城投债的供给端正逐步下降,随着存量债券到期,结构性资产荒也随之产生。


        首创证券进一步表示,一个在二级市场收益率超过10%的城投平台,已经很难在一级市场发行债券了,即使是发行,付出的成本也高得难以想象。结合目前监管层打击市场高成本融资、批文审核进一步趋严,高收益城投资产愈发稀缺。


        甚至更有市场观点认为,高收益城投债将逐渐地降低收益,最终达到风险与收益匹配的平衡点,从而彻底从市场消失。面对风险的辨别及配置机会减少的情况,卓亮指出研究要放在“前面”,城投的评级是相对的标准,价格是滞后的,要在一个框架内多维度考虑,去发现市场上定价偏差的机会。


        多维度考虑城投债安全性,欠配程度未到极端水平


        据卓亮观察,天津近年来投资环境有所好转,“城投债价格上涨受到市场资金追捧,有一定因素是因为陈敏书记从重庆去了天津,城投债的安全性要多维度考虑,很难从单一因素来判断。”


        此外,卓亮认为,目前市场平均收益水平和机构欠配程度远没有到2022年三季度那样的极端水平,处于合理区间,市场仍能找出一些风险收益相匹配或尚未修复的城投品种,对于以票息策略为主的信用债目前还是不错的机会。


        值得一提的是,随着今年新一届政府上任,中央定调“要压实省级政府防范化解隐性债务主体责任”、“隐性债务和法定债务合并监管”、“牢牢守住不发生系统性风险底线”,同时疫后复苏经济重启、地产修复等利好因素叠加,地方政府财政实力增强,今年城投债实质风险仍然较小。


        但城投债市场将会分化,那些与政府绑定不深或者表面是城投实质是金控平台的主体受市场认可度减弱,真正的城投债收益率预计在目前水平下持续震荡,对于信用债吃票息的策略反而更友好。


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